電容是的電路器件，把電容效應(yīng)發(fā)揮到最大化，盡可能地使電荷聚集，從而形成足夠大的電場，存儲相應(yīng)的電根據(jù)電容效應(yīng)而制成場能量。
Capacitance is a circuit device made according to the capacitance effect. It maximizes the capacitance effect and gathers charges as much as possible to form a large enough electric field and store the corresponding electric field energy.
電容器在工程技術(shù)中應(yīng)用非常廣泛，它的種類、型號、規(guī)格繁多，但結(jié)構(gòu)原理相同。簡單來說，兩個相互靠近的金屬板，中間夾一層不導(dǎo)電的絕緣介質(zhì)（如絕緣紙、云母、空氣等），這就構(gòu)成了電容器。
Capacitors are widely used in engineering technology, with various types, models and specifications, but the structure principle is the same. In short, two metal plates close to each other are sandwiched with a layer of non-conductive insulating medium (such as insulating paper, mica, air, etc.), which constitutes a capacitor.
當給電容器的兩金屬板之間施加一個電壓，也就是施加一個外電場，在這個外電場的作用力下，金屬板的電荷發(fā)生聚集，例如接外電壓正極（電源正極）的金屬板，其正電荷因受到排斥力的作用向兩極板間的方向聚集，同樣的，另一塊金屬板的負電荷也向兩極板間的方向聚集。
When a voltage is applied between two metal plates of the capacitor, that is, an external electric field is applied. Under the force of the external electric field, the charge of the metal plate will gather. For example, the positive charge of the metal plate connected to the positive pole of the external voltage (the positive pole of the power supply) will gather in the direction between the two plates due to the repulsion force. Similarly, the negative charge of the other metal plate will also gather in the direction between the two plates.
有了電荷的聚集，電容器的兩金屬板間就建立了一個電場，即存儲了一定的電場能量，這就是電容器的儲能性質(zhì)。一句話形容就是，電容器吸收的能量以電場能量的形式存儲在極板間的電場中。
With the charge accumulation, an electric field is established between the two metal plates of the capacitor, that is, a certain amount of electric field energy is stored, which is the energy storage property of the capacitor. In a word, the energy absorbed by the capacitor is stored in the electric field between the plates in the form of electric field energy.
電容器在電路分析中的建模就是電容元件，電容元件是一種理想的元件，它僅反映了電容器能存儲電荷（存儲電場能量）這一物理現(xiàn)象，其電路符號為兩條短豎線,這兩條短豎線就如同兩塊金屬板，可以說是非常形象了。
The modeling of capacitor in circuit analysis is the capacitor element. The capacitor element is an ideal element, which only reflects the physical phenomenon that the capacitor can store charges (store electric field energy). Its circuit symbol is two short vertical lines. These two short vertical lines are just like two metal plates, which can be said to be very visual.
電容器的應(yīng)用非常廣泛，在不同電路中發(fā)揮著不同的作用，如耦合、濾波、整流、無功補償?shù)取?/div>
Capacitors are widely used and play different roles in different circuits, such as coupling, filtering, rectification, reactive power compensation, etc.
